African-American Movements & Milestones: Racial Symbols

From the National Museum of the American Indian, this guide is for educators.

Film. Written, directed, and produced by Nick Kaufman. 1992. 23 minutes.
Contrasting views and scenes from the classroom on teaching about Columbus.

Information on Columbus Controversy from Time Magazine.

The Zinn Project contains multiple resources on Columbus Day and the concerns Americans have from news sources to classroom engagement.

The resources include videos, books, web resources and more.

Article by the New York Times.

New York Times article.

Article in the Business History Review, a peer-reviewed source.

Article in the Michigan Journal of Race and Law, a peer-reviewed source.

During halftime of the Washington at Dallas game, Bob Costas spoke out against the term "redskins," calling the term "an insult and a slur."

Report from the National Congress of American Indians (NCAI) details the history of the nearly 50 year long movement to end the use of harmful "Indian" mascots.

SmithsonianNMAI: In this day-long symposium sports writers, scholars, authors, and representatives from sports organizations engaged in lively panel discussions on racist stereotypes and cultural appropriation in American sports.

SmithsonianNMAI: In this day-long symposium sports writers, scholars, authors, and representatives from sports organizations engaged in lively panel discussions on racist stereotypes and cultural appropriation in American sports.

NCAA took action against using offensive logos and mascots during championship events.

Bree Newsome, an organizer and activist from Charlotte, North Carolina, temporarily took down South Carolina's Confederate flag this morning by climbing up the 30-foot flagpole on statehouse grounds.

The American Historical Association website includes a variety of historians commenting on the confederate monument debate. This include interviews and oral histories.

Photos and maps of historical markers from California by Jason O. Watson.

"Commemorative Landscapes of North Carolina" is an ongoing project. We began by surveying the commemorative sites in twenty five Piedmont counties, in an arc from Rowan to Cumberland counties. In the future we will incorporate the commemorative landscapes in the remaining counties into the digital archive. Please return to the site often and watch it as it grows.

Statues of Confederate leaders and the explorer Christopher Columbus have been torn down in the US, as pressure grows on authorities to remove monuments connected to slavery and colonialism.

This research template provides a guide for conducting research on individual monuments in local communities. By answering the questions posed within this guide, interested parties can get a better understanding of who erected the monument, when, and why, in order to inform discussions.

Smithsonian Magazine: As protests sparked by the killing of George Floyd continue, statues commemorating controversial historical figures are being removed from U.S. cities

Twelve state monuments at Gettysburg honor Confederate soldiers, including Maryland, which honors men of the state from both sides. All of the Confederate state monuments except Maryland can be found along West and South Confederate Avenues.

Across the United States, there are an estimated 1,741 public symbols of the Confederacy, according to the Southern Poverty Law Center. This interactive map demonstrates where these monuments exist.

Encyclopedia Britannica on the new flag Mississippians voted on.

Renee Ater is a professor of Art History at the University of Maryland who researches racist monuments in the United States.

The SPLC data on all the confederate monuments that exist in the United States.

This website includes images, statistics, maps, and critical insight.

This chart shows the types of public symbols of the Confederacy most common in the U.S. and the development of the number of such symbols (as of August 2019).

Crowds turned out in mass to watch history being made as the Confederate flag was removed from the South Carolina State House grounds

The Zinn project includes multiple resources on the history of the flag, controversy, and inaccurate teaching.